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Post Info TOPIC: New Problem: Sum of Triangular Number


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New Problem: Sum of Triangular Number
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Okay,


Here is a new problem that needs worked on.  Let's see what everyone comes up with.  This is a discussion that has branched off of an earlier thread.  If you want to read up on it, go here.


Here is a copy of my last post.  Let's see what transpires!


------------------------------------------------------------------


Here is what I came up with so far:


Something you should know is that the sum of consecutive triangular numbers is actually the larger number squared.  So for example, the sum of the 5th and 6th triangular numbers is 36 or 6^2.  So let's take this idea for working sum of the nth triangular numbers.


1st + 2nd + 3rd + ... + nth = (1st + 2nd) + (3rd + 4th) + ... + ((n-1)th + nth)


*NOTE: First off let's assume n is even.


This will become 2^2 + 4^2 + 6^2 + ... + n^2.


So how do we break this up?  Let's factor out a 2^2 or a 4 and get:


4 x [1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + ... + (n/2)^2] = 4 x (a)(a+1)(2a+1)/6 with a = n/2  *See sequences


So now we have a basic formula that will work as long as we are looking for an even sum. 


Now, what I need your help on is if it is odd.  The only thing that I can come up with is finding the sum of the sequences as down above and add in the nth triangular number.  So for our example we are going to have the sum of the first 7 triangular numbers.  In doing this, we take the sum of the first 6 triangular numbers and get:


4 x 3(4)(7)/6 = 4 x 14 = 56.  Now we need to add the 7th triangular number which is 7(8)/2 or 28.  So 28 + 56 = 84.  I know though this is not the easiest way of doing this.  There HAS to be a simpler formula that will work.  See what you guys can come up with.


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-- Edited by webmaster at 22:19, 2005-01-21

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I had posted this on the earlier thread, thought I'd just copy it here;


 


Well,  I was doing some thinking about this last night, here's what I've got so far:


The sum of the first n triangular numbers can be represented as the sum of:


1
1+2
1+2+3
1+2+3+4
1+2+3+4+5


and so on for as many terms as needed.  So if the last triangular number is represented by the nth triangular number, it would then be


1
1+2
1+2+3
1+2+3+4
1+2+3+4+5 ... until the nth triangular number is reached


If we add the columns up, we get n * 1 + 2(n-1) + 3(n-2) .... until the number inside the parentheses becomes one.


So then, that can expand to


an-b


a, is the nth triangular number.  i still can't figure out the pattern for b.


For example, for n = 3, we would have


1
1+2
1+2+3


3n + 2(n-1) + 3 (n-2)


which becomes 6n - 8


for n = 4,


it becomes 10n - 20, or 40-20 = 20


 - n = 5, then the expression for the sum is 15n - 40, or 75-40 = 35


If you guys could find an expression for the term that is subtracted, then I think we would have the formula that could work for any n. 


I'll try to look at your formula, mr. jones, and see how I can help.


Vinay


 



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Vinay Ramasesh


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for your formula, mr. jones, couldn't you just do,


2 * (a)(a+1)(2a+1)/3


?


That seems a bit easier.


But if the number was 6 or less, I probably would just add 2^2 + 4^2 + 6^2, unless we can find an easier formula.


Vinay



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Vinay Ramasesh


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I FIGURED IT OUT!!!(i am pretty sure)


the formula is (n)(n+1)(n+2)/6, where n is the sum of the nth triangular number


example problem


what is the sum of the first 4 triangular numbers?


to solve: n=4, since it's the 4th triangular number, therefore


(4x5x6)/6=20


to check: 1+3+6+10=20


example problem #2


what is the sum of the first 7 triangular numbers?


n=7


(7x8x9)/6=84


it works for both even and odds...


quincy



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GOOD JOB!

That seemse to work for all of the things I tried

Congrats

vinay

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Vinay Ramasesh


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how did you figure it out?


 



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Vinay Ramasesh


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thanks mr.jones, the formula you first posted really helped me.


the reason i got my formula was because i saw this (which you first posted):


4 x [1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + ... + (n/2)^2] = 4 x (a)(a+1)(2a+1)/6 with a = n/2 


and instead of using "a" in the formula, i used n/2, so the formula becomes...


4 x ((n/2)(n/2+1)(2(n/2)+1)/6


then after a series of simplification, i got n(n+1)(n+2)/6


quincy



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Quincy,

GREAT JOB!!!

I only had a little bit of time to think about it and didn't get that far. Very nice indeed. It works for everything I have tried.

Well, I do believe that is a new formula.

Technically though, we were not suppose to discuss it since it is a new problem. I hope Larry White lets me get away with this one.

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This problem was very useful for helping me solve another problem.

 

Formula of a triangular number = n(n+1)/(1*2)

Formula of a sum of triangular numbers = n(n+1)(n+2)/(1*2*3)

Formula of a sum of a sum of triangular numbers = n(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)/(1*2*3*4)

etc.



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